Article:
Dharma and the Religious Other in Hindi Popular Cinema. From Nehru through Modi

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dc.creatorSan Chirico, Kerry P. C.
dc.date.accessioned2023-05-23T08:45:19Z
dc.date.available2023-05-23T08:45:19Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.description.abstractThis essay examines common representations of religious minorities in Hindi popular cinema within the context of dominant post-Independence Indian religious and political ideologies—from a religiously pluralist secular socialist framework to a Hindu nationalist late capitalist orientation. We begin by examining the more recent turn to film as a legitimate conveyor of middle-class Indian values worthy of interpretation, and the coeval shift among Indians from embarrassment to pride in film as the industry followed the liberalizing nation-state onto the global stage. Equipped with this interpretive strategy, we turn to the dhārmik, or religious elements within the Hindi sāmājik, or social film, demonstrating concretely how particular notions of Hindu dharma (variously if imperfectly translated as “duty,” “law,” “cosmic order,” “religion”) have long undergirded Hindi popular cinema structurally and topically. Finally, and most significantly, we examine representations of religious minorities, particularly Muslms, Christians, and Sikhs, in Hindi popular cinema against the backdrop of evolving religious and cultural ideologies up to the electoral victory of Prime Minister Modi of the Hindu nationalist Bharatiya Janata Party, or BJP. It is argued that minority representation, like other aspects of Indian public life, can be interpreted as an index of majority concerns about the religious Other. While such representations have never been static, more current depictions present the viewer with a troubling, even ominous picture of the place (or lack thereof) of religious minorities in contemporary Indian society, revealing majoritarian chauvinism and sectarian tensions that call into question the identity of the Indian Republic as a pluralistic secular nation, as well as the easy elisions between Hindu and secular Indian nationalisms. When we now look at past films cognizant of the Hindu nationalist dispensation to come, discontinuity is not the only striking feature. Ideological inconsistencies, tensions, and contradictions have long been manifest on the silver screen, particularly with regard to the religious minorities. The present ascendance of Hindutva as a national (indeed international) religio-political ideology forces us to reconsider past films and the ideologies embedded therein.en
dc.identifier.doi10.25364/05.06:2020.1.5
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.25969/mediarep/19516
dc.identifier.urihttps://www.jrfm.eu/index.php/ojs_jrfm/article/view/215
dc.identifier.urihttps://mediarep.org/handle/doc/20709
dc.languageeng
dc.publisherSchüren
dc.publisher.placeMarburg
dc.relation.isPartOfissn:2617-3697
dc.relation.ispartofseriesJournal for Religion, Film and Media
dc.rightsCreative Commons Attribution Non Commercial 4.0 Generic
dc.rights.urihttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
dc.subjectDharmaen
dc.subjectReligionen
dc.subjectHinduismen
dc.subjectCinemaen
dc.subjectNehruen
dc.subjectModusen
dc.subject.ddcddc:300
dc.titleDharma and the Religious Other in Hindi Popular Cinema. From Nehru through Modien
dc.typearticle
dc.type.statuspublishedVersion
dspace.entity.typeArticleen
local.coverpage2023-05-23T11:03:43
local.identifier.firstpublishedhttps://www.jrfm.eu/index.php/ojs_jrfm/article/view/215
local.source.epage102
local.source.issue1
local.source.issueTitleScience Fiction and Religion
local.source.spage73
local.source.volume6

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